Chapter #27 Guided Reading Worksheet
1: What does it mean that a factor is tangible? Intangible?
Tangible is the nature of the business is an important tangible factor in choosing a location. Intangible are factors that affect a decision, but that cannot be expressed in monetary terms.
2: What is “tragedy of the commons”?
Tragedy of the commons is the depletion of a shared resource by individuals, acting independently and rationally according to each one's self-interest
3: What is a “commons”?
Any resource owned publicly with public access for private uses
4: Explain how cow herding is an example of “tragedy of the commons”.
Cow herding is an example of “tragedy of the commons” because the herder receives all of the benefits from an additional cow, while the damage to the common is shared by the entire group.
5: What are some examples of the “commons”?
Fishing, forest woods, food
6: How does low growth rate of a resource contribute to its overexploitation?
It contributes to resource sustainability and maximum profit.
7: What is an externality? Give an example.
An externality is the fact of existing outside the perceiving subject. An example is manufacturing activities that cause air pollution.
8: What are public services of nature (ecosystem services)? How much are they worth?
Ecosystem services are ecosystems that benefit humanity in some way. They are worth $3 trillion to $33 trillion per year
9: Why is it hard to value nature?
It's hard to value nature because now everyone evaluates personal preference.
10: How do we evaluate the acceptability of risk?
We evaluate the acceptability of risk in terms of the number of people affected, novel risks that appear to be less acceptable than natural risks and peoples willingness to pay for reducing a risk.
11: What is the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act?
The U.S. Toxic Substance Control Act is an act that allows the EPA to regulate new commercial chemicals before they enter the market, to regulate existing chemicals.
12: How do we achieve environmental policy?
We achieve environmental policy by market processes and government investments.
13: What are the 3 common methods of control of pollution?
Tangible is the nature of the business is an important tangible factor in choosing a location. Intangible are factors that affect a decision, but that cannot be expressed in monetary terms.
2: What is “tragedy of the commons”?
Tragedy of the commons is the depletion of a shared resource by individuals, acting independently and rationally according to each one's self-interest
3: What is a “commons”?
Any resource owned publicly with public access for private uses
4: Explain how cow herding is an example of “tragedy of the commons”.
Cow herding is an example of “tragedy of the commons” because the herder receives all of the benefits from an additional cow, while the damage to the common is shared by the entire group.
5: What are some examples of the “commons”?
Fishing, forest woods, food
6: How does low growth rate of a resource contribute to its overexploitation?
It contributes to resource sustainability and maximum profit.
7: What is an externality? Give an example.
An externality is the fact of existing outside the perceiving subject. An example is manufacturing activities that cause air pollution.
8: What are public services of nature (ecosystem services)? How much are they worth?
Ecosystem services are ecosystems that benefit humanity in some way. They are worth $3 trillion to $33 trillion per year
9: Why is it hard to value nature?
It's hard to value nature because now everyone evaluates personal preference.
10: How do we evaluate the acceptability of risk?
We evaluate the acceptability of risk in terms of the number of people affected, novel risks that appear to be less acceptable than natural risks and peoples willingness to pay for reducing a risk.
11: What is the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act?
The U.S. Toxic Substance Control Act is an act that allows the EPA to regulate new commercial chemicals before they enter the market, to regulate existing chemicals.
12: How do we achieve environmental policy?
We achieve environmental policy by market processes and government investments.
13: What are the 3 common methods of control of pollution?
- Setting max levels of pollution emission
- Requiring specific procedures and processes that reduce pollution
- Charging fees for pollution emission