Nitrogen Cycle: Go to http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/onlcourse/chm110/outlines/nitrogencycle.html and answer these questions.
16. What are the two conditions under which nitrogen will react with oxygen? (In other words, what is necessary for nitrogen in the air to combine with oxygen?)
The two conditions under which nitrogen will react with oxygen are high temperatures and pressures found near lightning bolts.
17. What are the two compounds that are formed when nitrogen combines with oxygen?
The two compounds that are formed when nitrogen combines with oxygen are nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide.
18. How does nitric acid (HNO 3) form?
Nitric acid forms when nitrogen dioxide reacts with water in rain.
19. Why is nitric acid (HNO3) important?
It's important because plants utilize it as a nutrient.
Go to: http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/N/NitrogenCycle.html and answer these questions.
20. What percentage of the air we breathe is nitrogen?
The percentage of air we breath that is nitrogen is 79%.
21. Even though considerable nitrogen is available in the air, most plants do not use the nitrogen (N 2 ) found in the air. Why not?
Most plants do not use the nitrogen found in the air because the nitrogen they get needs to be in a "fixed" form.
22. In what compounds can plants use nitrogen?
Nitrate ions (NO3), Ammonia ions (NH+4), and Urea (NH2).
23. How do animals get the nitrogen they need?
Animals secure their nitrogen compounds from plants ( or animals that have fed on plants).
24. Atmospheric nitrogen (2) is pretty inert. This means that it does not easily break apart. When molecules do not break apart easily, it is difficult (or impossible) for organisms to use them as a nutrient source. As a result, nitrogen fixation is the term used to describe the process of breaking up N 2 .
a. What is atmospheric fixation?
Atmospheric fixation is when the large energy of lightning breaks nitrogen molecules and enables their
atoms to combine with oxygen in the air forming nitrogen oxides. The nitrogen oxides dissolve in rain (forming nitrates) that are carried to the earth.
b. What is industrial fixation? [This is how artificial fertilizers are made.]
Industrial fixation is when, under large pressure, and with use of catalyst, atmospheric nitrogen and hydrogen can be combined to form ammonia.
c. What is biological fixation? (In your answer, describe the types of plants associated with the symbiotic relationship.)
Biological fixation is the ability to fix nitrogen, but only in certain bacteria and algae.
Go to: http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/9s.html and answer these questions.
16. What are the two conditions under which nitrogen will react with oxygen? (In other words, what is necessary for nitrogen in the air to combine with oxygen?)
The two conditions under which nitrogen will react with oxygen are high temperatures and pressures found near lightning bolts.
17. What are the two compounds that are formed when nitrogen combines with oxygen?
The two compounds that are formed when nitrogen combines with oxygen are nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide.
18. How does nitric acid (HNO 3) form?
Nitric acid forms when nitrogen dioxide reacts with water in rain.
19. Why is nitric acid (HNO3) important?
It's important because plants utilize it as a nutrient.
Go to: http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/N/NitrogenCycle.html and answer these questions.
20. What percentage of the air we breathe is nitrogen?
The percentage of air we breath that is nitrogen is 79%.
21. Even though considerable nitrogen is available in the air, most plants do not use the nitrogen (N 2 ) found in the air. Why not?
Most plants do not use the nitrogen found in the air because the nitrogen they get needs to be in a "fixed" form.
22. In what compounds can plants use nitrogen?
Nitrate ions (NO3), Ammonia ions (NH+4), and Urea (NH2).
23. How do animals get the nitrogen they need?
Animals secure their nitrogen compounds from plants ( or animals that have fed on plants).
24. Atmospheric nitrogen (2) is pretty inert. This means that it does not easily break apart. When molecules do not break apart easily, it is difficult (or impossible) for organisms to use them as a nutrient source. As a result, nitrogen fixation is the term used to describe the process of breaking up N 2 .
a. What is atmospheric fixation?
Atmospheric fixation is when the large energy of lightning breaks nitrogen molecules and enables their
atoms to combine with oxygen in the air forming nitrogen oxides. The nitrogen oxides dissolve in rain (forming nitrates) that are carried to the earth.
b. What is industrial fixation? [This is how artificial fertilizers are made.]
Industrial fixation is when, under large pressure, and with use of catalyst, atmospheric nitrogen and hydrogen can be combined to form ammonia.
c. What is biological fixation? (In your answer, describe the types of plants associated with the symbiotic relationship.)
Biological fixation is the ability to fix nitrogen, but only in certain bacteria and algae.
Go to: http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/9s.html and answer these questions.
25. Draw the nitrogen cycle: On a separate piece of paper: (Remember there are other diagrams on the previous websites.) If you’re not sure what a term means, look through the reading and links for help.
26. Why is nitrogen needed for animals and plants?
Nitrogen is needed for animals and plants because they use nitrogen to produce complex organic molecules like amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
http://www.mbgnet.net/fresh/cycle/index.htm.
27. Define "water cycle".
It is a complex process that contains precipitation, evaporation, and transpiration. The water cycle not only gives us water to drink but it also gives us fish to eat and weather patterns that help grow our crops.
28. What fraction of Earth's surface is covered in water?
3/4 of the Earth's surface is covered in water.
29. What percentage of all the Earth's water is in a form that is useable to humans and land animals?
The percentage of all the Earth's water that is in a form that is useable to humans and land animals is 1%.
http://www.mbgnet.net/fresh/cycle/concepts.htm
30. Define the process of evaporation.
Evaporation is the process where a liquid changes from its liquid state to a gaseous state.
31. Why is evaporated water so clean?
Evaporated water is so clean because impurities in the water are left behind.
33. Condensation is the opposite of evaporation.
34. When the temperature and atmospheric pressure are right, the small droplets of water in clouds form larger droplets and precipitation occurs.
35. Define transpiration.
As plants absorb water from the soil, the water moves from the roots through the stems to the leaves. Once the water reaches the leaves, some of it evaporates from the leaves, adding to the amount of water vapor in the air.
36. Define percolation.
Percolation is the movement and filtering of fluids through certain materials.
http://www.mbgnet.net/fresh/cycle/cycle.htm
37. Using the terms "evaporation", "condensation", and "precipitation", explain the water cycle in your own words.
In the water cycle, water evaporates and condenses into clouds in which they move and precipitation fall. the water that falls from clouds fills streams and rivers and sooner or later flows back into the ocean, repeating the process.
38. What factor is most important in determining whether water is a solid, liquid, or gas?
Temperature is the factor that is most important in determining whether water is solid, liquid, or gas.
39. Is the amount of water on Earth always changing or is it a constant amount?
The amount of water is constant.
Nitrogen is needed for animals and plants because they use nitrogen to produce complex organic molecules like amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
http://www.mbgnet.net/fresh/cycle/index.htm.
27. Define "water cycle".
It is a complex process that contains precipitation, evaporation, and transpiration. The water cycle not only gives us water to drink but it also gives us fish to eat and weather patterns that help grow our crops.
28. What fraction of Earth's surface is covered in water?
3/4 of the Earth's surface is covered in water.
29. What percentage of all the Earth's water is in a form that is useable to humans and land animals?
The percentage of all the Earth's water that is in a form that is useable to humans and land animals is 1%.
http://www.mbgnet.net/fresh/cycle/concepts.htm
30. Define the process of evaporation.
Evaporation is the process where a liquid changes from its liquid state to a gaseous state.
31. Why is evaporated water so clean?
Evaporated water is so clean because impurities in the water are left behind.
33. Condensation is the opposite of evaporation.
34. When the temperature and atmospheric pressure are right, the small droplets of water in clouds form larger droplets and precipitation occurs.
35. Define transpiration.
As plants absorb water from the soil, the water moves from the roots through the stems to the leaves. Once the water reaches the leaves, some of it evaporates from the leaves, adding to the amount of water vapor in the air.
36. Define percolation.
Percolation is the movement and filtering of fluids through certain materials.
http://www.mbgnet.net/fresh/cycle/cycle.htm
37. Using the terms "evaporation", "condensation", and "precipitation", explain the water cycle in your own words.
In the water cycle, water evaporates and condenses into clouds in which they move and precipitation fall. the water that falls from clouds fills streams and rivers and sooner or later flows back into the ocean, repeating the process.
38. What factor is most important in determining whether water is a solid, liquid, or gas?
Temperature is the factor that is most important in determining whether water is solid, liquid, or gas.
39. Is the amount of water on Earth always changing or is it a constant amount?
The amount of water is constant.